PROTOCOL

PROTOCOL

A protocol is a standard rules that regulates the operation of devices. It can be defines as the set of rules that take cares of communication between hardware, software or both.

            The primary protocol of internet is TCP/IP protocol.

1.  HTTP ( Hyper Text Transfer Protocol): It is a protocol that is used to display information on the World Wide Web. Its main purpose is to provide a way to display and retrieve HTML pages. It is a request/ response protocol between clients and server. In this ‘http’ mean some document over internet and ‘https’ mean some secure document over internet.

2.  FTP( File Transfer Protocol): It is a client server protocol that helps in transferring or exchanging files between client and server. It may be authenticated with usernames and passwords. Transferring files from client node to server is known as uploading while transferring files from server to client node is known as downloading.

Generally FTP uses port no 20 and 21.

FTP is also known as RFC959, RFC stands for Request For Comments.

3.  TCP/IP ( Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol): It is a set of rules governing communications among all the computers onn internet. TCP/IP is a combination of two separate protocols TCP and IP.

IP  standard dictates the logistics of packets sent over network.

TCP ensures reliable transmission of data across connected network.

TCP/IP was developed in 1978 and driven by Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf.

4.  IMAP( Internet Message Access Protocol): It is a standard email protocol that stores email messages on a mail server and allows a user to view and manipulate the messages as if they were stored locally on the user’s computer.

5.  SMTP ( Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): It is a TCP/IP protocol that is used in sending and receiving e-mail. It is usually used with one of two other protocols POP3 or IMAP since it has limited ability to queue messages at the receiving end.